WiFi 6, Ixesha le-5G kwi-WiFi Ukubaluleka okukhulu kwe-teknoloji ye-WiFi 6, ndicinga ukuba lo mbhalo unokuba ngowona mzekeliso ufanelekileyo.Zeziphi izinto ezintathu eziphambili ze5G?"I-Ultra-high bandwidth, i-ultra-low latency kunye ne-ultra-large capacity" - oku kufuneka kube yinto eqhelekileyo kumntu wonke, ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho ukufikelela kwinethiwekhi ekhuselekileyo, ukuchithwa kwenethiwekhi (NBIoT, eMTC, eMMB) umsebenzi wokufezekisa i-spectrum eyaneleyo yenethiwekhi. kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-bandwidth, ezi mpawu zenza i-5G ihluke ngokupheleleyo kwi-4G isizukulwana esitsha sobuchwepheshe bonxibelelwano lwenethiwekhi, yingakho "i-4G iguqula ubomi, i-5G iguqula uluntu".Makhe sijonge kwi-WiFi 6. Kusenokubakho uphuhliso oluninzi, kwaye olu luhlu lwabalinganiswa ngokucothayo lwaba IEE802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax, ilandelwa ngu-ay.Ngomhla we-4 ku-Okthobha, i-2018, i-WiFi Alliance isenokuvakalelwa kukuba eli gama alihambisani nokuchongwa kwabathengi, ngoko yatshintshela kwindlela yokubiza "i-WiFi + inombolo": IEEE802.11n ye-WiFi 4, IEEE802.11ac ye-WiFi 5 , kunye ne-IEEE802.11ax ye-WiFi 6. Inzuzo yokutshintsha igama, ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuba ukuqonda kulula, inani elikhulu, iteknoloji entsha, kunye nokukhawuleza kwenethiwekhi.Nangona kunjalo, nokuba i-bandwidth yethiyori ye-WiFi 5 yetekhnoloji inokufikelela kwi-1732Mbps (ngaphantsi kwe-160MHz bandwidth) (i-bandwidth eqhelekileyo ye-80MHz yi-866Mbps, kunye ne-2.4GHz/5GHz itekhnoloji yokudityaniswa kweebhendi ezimbini, inokufikelela ngokuthe ngqo kwisantya sokufikelela kwi-Gbps), nto leyo eninzi kakhulu. ephezulu kunesantya sokufikelela kwi-Intanethi ye-broadband yethu yesiqhelo yasekhaya 50 500Mbps, ekusetyenzisweni kwansuku zonke sisafumanisa ukuba kuhlala kukho iimeko "zonxibelelwano lomgunyathi", oko kukuthi, umqondiso weWiFi ugcwele.Ukufikelela kwinethiwekhi kukhawuleza ngokungathi i-Intanethi ivaliwe.Le nto inokuba ngcono ekhaya, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba yenzeke kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke ezifana neeofisi, iivenkile ezinkulu kunye neendawo zeenkomfa.Le ngxaki inxulumene nokuhanjiswa kwetekhnoloji ye-WiFi phambi kwe-WiFi 6: i-WiFi yangaphambili esetyenzisiweyo ye-OFDM - itekhnoloji ye-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, enokuxhasa kakuhle ukufikelela kwabasebenzisi abaninzi, njenge-MU-MIMO, i-multi-user-multiple-input kunye ne-multi-output. , kodwa phantsi komgangatho we-WiFi 5, ukuya kuthi ga kubasebenzisi abane banokuxhaswa kuqhagamshelwano lwe-MU-MIMO.Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ye-OFDM yokuhanjiswa, xa kukho imfuno enkulu yesicelo se-bandwidth phakathi kwabasebenzisi abaqhagamshelweyo, iya kuzisa uxinzelelo olukhulu kuyo yonke inethiwekhi engenazingcingo, kuba le mfuno ephezulu yomthwalo womsebenzisi omnye ayihlali nje kuphela kwi-bandwidth. , kodwa kwakhona ithatha kakhulu impendulo eqhelekileyo yendawo yokufikelela kwiimfuno zenethiwekhi zabanye abasebenzisi, kuba umjelo wendawo yonke yokufikelela iya kusabela kwimfuno, okubangela ukuba kwenzeke "unxibelelwano lobuxoki".Ngokomzekelo, ekhaya, ukuba umntu ukhuphela iindudumo, imidlalo ye-intanethi ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuziva ukunyuka kwe-latency, nokuba isantya sokukhuphela asifikeleli kumda ophezulu wokufikelela kwi-broadband ekhaya, oko kumlinganiselo omkhulu.
Isishwankathelo semeko yangoku yobuchwepheshe kwi-WIFI 6
Ukususela ekuqulunqweni kwayo, ixabiso lesicelo kunye nexabiso lentengiso liye laqatshelwa ngokubanzi lishishini, kwaye lisetyenziswe phantse kuzo zonke izixhobo eziphathwayo kunye neendawo ezininzi zangaphakathi.Njengoko umgangatho wokuphila wabantu uqhubeka uphucuka, iteknoloji ye-W i F i ihlala iguquka ukuze ibonelele abasebenzisi ngamava angcono okufikelela ngaphandle kwamacingo.Kwiminyaka engama-2 0 1 9, usapho lakwaW i F i lwamkele ilungu elitsha, iteknoloji ye-W i F i 6 yazalwa.
Iimpawu zobugcisa ze-WIFI
1.1 ICandelo le-Orthogonal Frequency Access Multiple
I-W i F i 6 isebenzisa i-orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) iteknoloji yokufikelela kwitshaneli, eyahlula itshaneli engenazintambo ibe yinani elikhulu lamatshaneli angaphantsi, kwaye idatha eqhutywe yi-subchannel nganye ihambelana nezixhobo zokufikelela ezahlukeneyo, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa ngokufanelekileyo idatha. izinga.Xa uqhagamshelo lwesixhobo esinye lusetyenziswa, ubungakanani bethiyori ephezulu ye-W i F i 6 yi-9.6 G bit / s, eyi-4 0 % ephezulu kune-W i F i 5. ( W i F i 5 iqondo eliphezulu lethiyori 6.9 Gbit/s).Inzuzo yayo enkulu kukuba ireyithi yethiyori yepeak inokwahlulwa kwisixhobo ngasinye kuthungelwano, ngaloo ndlela inyusa izinga lofikelelo lwesixhobo ngasinye kuthungelwano.
1.2 Itekhnoloji enezinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ngabasebenzisi abaninzi
I-W i F i 6 ikwadibanisa i-Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU - MIMO) ubuchwepheshe.Le teknoloji yenza ukuba izixhobo ziphendule ngaxeshanye kwiindawo zokungena ezingenazintambo eziqukethe ii-antenna ezininzi, ezivumela ukuba iindawo zokufikelela zinxibelelane ngokukhawuleza kunye nezixhobo ezininzi.Kwi-W i F i 5, iindawo zokufikelela zinokudityaniswa kwizixhobo ezininzi ngexesha elinye, kodwa ezi zixhobo azikwazi ukuphendula ngexesha elinye.
1.3 Ithekhinoloji yexesha lokuvuka ekujoliswe kulo
Ixesha lokuvuka ekujoliswe kulo (TWT, TARGETWAKETIME) I-TEKNOLOJI YINTO EBALULEKILEYO YOCWANGCISO LWETEKNOLOJIYA ye-W i F i 6, obu buchwephesha buvumela izixhobo ukuba zithetha-thethane ixesha kunye nobude bokuvuka ukuthumela okanye ukufumana idatha, kunye nendawo yokufikelela engenazingcingo ingamaqela. izixhobo zabaxumi kwimijikelo eyahlukeneyo ye-TWT, ngokwenjenjalo kuncitshiswa inani lezixhobo ezikhuphisanayo kwiitshaneli ezingasebenzi ngeengcingo ngaxeshanye emva kokuvuka.Itekhnoloji ye-TWT ikwanyusa ixesha lokulala kwesixhobo, esiphucula kakhulu ubomi bebhetri kwaye sinciphise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwi-terminal.Ngokwezibalo, ukusetyenziswa kweteknoloji ye-TWT kunokonga ngaphezu kwe-30% yokusetyenziswa kwamandla e-terminal, kwaye kulungele ngakumbi kwi-W i F i 6 iteknoloji ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kwiitheminali ze-IoT ezizayo.
1.4 Indlela yokufakwa kwemibala yenkonzo esisiseko
Ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwenkqubo kwindawo exineneyo yokusasazwa, ukuqonda ukusetyenziswa ngokukuko kwemithombo ye-spectrum, kunye nokusombulula ingxaki yokuphazamiseka kwe-co-channel, i-W i F i 6 yongeza indlela entsha yothumelo lwe-co-channel esekelwe isizukulwana sangaphambili zobugcisa, ezizezi inkonzo esisiseko iseti umbala (BSSSC oooring) indlela.Ngokudibanisa amasimi e-BSSC ooring kwi-header "ukungcolisa" idatha evela kwiiseti zenkonzo ezisisiseko ezahlukeneyo (BS S), indlela yokwenza inika umbala kwitshaneli nganye, kwaye umamkeli unokuchonga uphawu lophazamiseko lwejelo kwangethuba ngokwe BSSSCOOORING FIELD OF INHLOKO YEPAKETHI KWAYE UYEKE UKUYIFUMANA, UKUPHEPHA UKUKULAZA UKUGQIBELA NOKUFUMANA IXESHA.Ngaphantsi kwesi sixhobo, ukuba iiheader ezifunyenweyo zinombala ofanayo, zithathwa njengophawu oluphazamisayo ngaphakathi kwe-'BSS efanayo, kwaye ugqithiso luya kulibaziseka;Ngokwahlukileyo, kucingwa ukuba akukho kuphazamiseka phakathi kwezi zibini, kwaye imiqondiso emibini inokudluliselwa kwitshaneli efanayo kunye nokuphindaphinda.
2 Iimeko zosetyenziso oluqhelekileyo lwetekhnoloji yeWiFi 6
2.1 Umthwali wenkonzo yevidiyo yebroadband enkulu
Ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweemfuno zabantu kumava evidiyo, i-bitrate yeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo zevidiyo nayo iyanda, ukusuka kwi-SD ukuya kwi-HD, ukusuka kwi-4K ukuya kwi-8K, kwaye ekugqibeleni ukuya kwividiyo ye-VR yangoku.Nangona kunjalo, ngoku, iimfuno zothumelo lwe-bandwidth zonyukile, kwaye ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuhanjiswa kwevidiyo ebanzi kakhulu ibe ngumngeni omkhulu kwiinkonzo zevidiyo.Iibhendi ze-2.4GH z kunye ne-5G H z zihlala kunye, kunye nebhendi ye-5G H z isekela i-160M H z bandwidth kumazinga ukuya kwi-9.6 G bit / s.Ibhendi ye-5G H z inokuphazamiseka okuncinci kwaye ifaneleke ngakumbi ukuhambisa iinkonzo zevidiyo.
2.2 Abathwali benkonzo ye-low-latency efana nemidlalo ye-intanethi
Iinkonzo zomdlalo we-Intanethi ziinkonzo ezisebenzisana kakhulu kwaye zineemfuno eziphezulu ze-bandwidth kunye ne-latency.Ngokukodwa kwimidlalo ye-VR evelayo, eyona ndlela ingcono yokufikelela kuyo yi-W i F i wireless.I-OFDMA ye-channel slicing iteknoloji ye-W i F i 6 inokubonelela ngejelo elizinikeleyo lemidlalo, ukunciphisa i-latency, kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zeenkonzo zemidlalo, ngakumbi iinkonzo zegeyimu ye-VR, kumgangatho ophantsi wokuhanjiswa kwe-latency.
2.3 Uqhagamshelwano olukrelekrele lwasekhaya
Ukunxibelelana ngobukrelekrele yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeemeko zeshishini lasekhaya elinobuchule njengekhaya elinobulumko kunye nokhuseleko olukrelekrele.Itekhnoloji yangoku yokunxibelelana kwekhaya inemida eyahlukeneyo, kwaye i-W i F i 6 itekhnoloji iya kuzisa amathuba okumanyana kobugcisa kwi-smart home interconnection.Ilungiselela ukudityaniswa koxinzelelo oluphezulu, inani elikhulu lokufikelela, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kunye nezinye iimpawu, kwaye kwangaxeshanye kunokuhambelana neeterminals ezahlukeneyo zeselfowuni ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngabasebenzisi, ukubonelela ukusebenzisana kakuhle.
Njengobuchwephesha obusakhulayo be-LAN obungenazingcingo kwiminyaka yakutshanje, itekhnoloji ye-WiFi6 ithandwa ngabantu ngenxa yesantya esiphezulu, i-bandwidth enkulu, i-latency ephantsi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, kwaye inokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwividiyo, imidlalo, ikhaya elihlakaniphile kunye nezinye iimeko zeshishini, ukubonelela ngakumbi. lula kubomi babantu.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-06-2023